To limit the probability that the reinforcement will not be sufficiently embedded to develop a bond with the concrete, which could lead to an inability to transfer the loads around openings in the walls, which could lead to an inability to resist transverse or vertical loads, which could lead to concrete cracking or the displacement of walls.
This is to limit the probability of:
For floors and elements supporting floors, this is to limit the probability of excessive movement, deflection or vibration, which could lead to negative effects on the psychological well-being of persons.